Mark wrote :
I would be genuinely interested in hearing the views of siderealists how they think domicile rulerships were originally conceived?
I do have a hypothesis, and I think the origin is primarily tropical. I think it requires an acceptance that there was probably an oral tradition preceding (by quite a long way) the earliest surviving documents about astrology, and perhaps also requires that we envisage astrology as an art/science that has been discovered and rediscovered, rather than invented. These ideas are related to things I posted in an earlier discussion (Origins of the tropical zodiac, in the Philo/Science forum). I suggested, following Cyril Fagan, that it would be more logical in terms of the symmetrical rulership scheme for the tropical cross (solstice/equinox axes, and hence antiscia/contrantiscia) to be lined up with that symmetry (solstices between Cancer/Leo and Capricorn/Aquarius, and the 30° following the sun's spring equinox point to be ruled by Venus and called "0° Taurus" -- or indeed, called whatever you want, but ruled by Venus).
I caused a lot of confusion by not being clear enough, but the apparent anomaly seems to have been noted by others. In a recent post about Astrology and praying (philo/science forum), Paul wrote :
the solstice is the 21 June, and so if we were to link this to light, we should really have Gemini as ruled by the Moon, and Cancer by the Sun, so as to better reflect the order of the planets along the solstice axes. We don't do that.
I'd like to quote the tropicalist David Roell (A New Theory of Astrology, in
Skeet Shooting for Astrologers)
Signs are not measured from the Sun's longitude, which is how they are usually expressed, but from the Sun's declination. This was how you can still measure it today. Every morning at sunrise, mark the sun's first appearance on the horizon. From the Winter Solstice to the Summer Solstice, you will see it move, day by day, to the left (north). From the Summer Solstice to the Winter Solstice, it will move steadily to the right (south). This lateral distance on the horizon is trisected (in time) to form signs. Long ago it was projected against a backdrop of stars merely as a convenience. The twelve signs of the zodiac have no relation to the background of stars whatever.
The article here on Skyscript by Robin Heath,
The Astronomy and Astrology of the Solar Hero, develops the same idea very successfully. This may be what happened at Stonehenge, for example, and probably in the deserts of Egypt and Babylon, where landmarks were few. But before (or as well as) projecting those positions onto the stars (probably the stars rising at sunset, the start of the Semitic day) and perhaps making imaginative connections with events in the agricultural cycle or the weather at that time of year, the horizon-watchers may well have ascribed these space/time slices to various planetary deities. If so, it would be logical to put the Sun at the "top" and Saturn at the "bottom", to associate the Moon with the Sun as the other sect light, and to arrange the other four planets according to their distance and speed of movement from the Sun (or their speed of movement from the Moon). This gives the symmetrical mirror-image rulership scheme.
This then may have rapidly become more associated with the stars, and disconnected from the horizon, so that it "went sidereal", and astrologers may have found that this worked to their satisfaction for predictive or ritual purposes. Then Ptolemy "brought it down" again once the tropical cross had shifted the VP to early Aries, and found that revised scheme useful for predicting meteorological events, for example. So he (re-)established the tropical cross, but skewed with respect to the rulership scheme. (Though he, or perhaps a copyist, forgets to skew it in the chapter of the Houses of the Planets, and lines up the solstice with the rulership scheme rather than with the Gemini/Cancer cusp:"...of the twelve signs the most northern, which are closer than the others to our zenith and therefore most productive of heat and of warmth are Cancer and Leo".)
As Mark pointed out, Gavin White's article here on Skyscript suggests a tropical origin for the exaltations, following the solstice/equinox cross – but with Mars conventionally at the end of Capricorn, Saturn near the end of Libra, and in Indian astrology (possibly borrowing from an earlier Hellenistic tradition) with the Sun at 20° Aries. And according to White, in a text c. 600 BC:
'Jupiter behind the Crab (Cancer) in front of the Lion (Leo)'
So aligning more or less with the earlier sidereal placements of the tropical cross.
As with the rulers, I would suggest that these points were then used sidereally and found to "work" that way. I do believe there is a logic to the sidereal zodiac in terms of galactic structure, which these probably tropical signposts, established when the VP was around 0° Taurus, fortuitously pointed to. But I don't think it would be useful to try to develop that here.
Thanks for your attention.
Graham